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Abstract #122509 Published in IGR 25-1
The association between airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure level and primary open-angle glaucoma
Ma Y; Shao M; Li S; Lei Y; Cao W; Sun XEcotoxicology and environmental safety 2024; 283: 116752
The eye is vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollution. Previous experimental study found that fine particulate matter (PM) had a direct toxic effect on intraocular tissues. However, clinical evidence for the impact of air pollutants exposure on functional and structural changes in glaucoma remains scarce. A total of 120 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who met the inclusion criteria were included in this retrospective study. The standardized ophthalmic examination, such as intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field, optical coherence tomography, and comprehensive physical examination, were performed. The air pollution data, including PM concentration and air quality index (AQI), were collected. PM and AQI for the day of the medical examination, as well as one month, and three months before the medical examination date, were investigated. In our results, higher average exposure levels for one-month and three-month, were associated with increased IOP (r=0.229, P=0.013; r=0.204, P=0.028, respectively) and decreased visual field mean sensitivity (MS) (r=-0.212, P=0.037; r=-0.305, P=0.002, respectively). PM concentrations for the day of the medical examination was not significantly associated with ocular parameters. In multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, higher PM exposure for one month was associated with elevated IOP (P=0.040, β=0.173, 95 %CI=0.008-0.337). We also found an association between PM and MS (one-month exposure: β=-0.160, P=0.029; three-month exposure: β=-0.238, P=0.002). The logistic regression analysis found that three-month average PM exposure level was significantly associated with the disease severity (β=0.043, P=0.025, 95 %CI=1.005-1.084). In conclusion, this study is the first to investigate the relationship between air pollution and detailed ocular parameters of POAG patients in Shanghai over a three-year period, and to explore the effects of different exposure times of PM on glaucoma. This study found that PM exposure was correlated with elevated IOP and decreased MS. The one-month PM exposure level had the most significant effects on IOP. The three-month PM exposure level was an independent risk factor for POAG severity. Current evidence suggests there may be an association between PM exposure and POAG.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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