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Abstract #128610 Published in IGR 25-3
Causal associations between smoking and ocular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Huang Z; Chen J; Shi L; Huang JAdvances in ophthalmology practice and research 2025; 5: 220-225
PURPOSE: To explore the causal associations between smoking and ocular diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis based on publicly.available genome-wide association studies were employed to infer the causal relationship. The effect estimates were calculated using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted method. RESULTS: Genetically predicted smoking was positively associated with cataract [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.29; = 0.027], w-AMD [OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.06-1.88; = 0.019], diabetic retinopathy [OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.04-1.30; = 0.01], disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways [OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.00-2.14; = 0.049] in inverse variance weighted analysis. Suggestive evidence of an inverse association between smoking and myopia was also observed [OR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-0.97; = 0.031]. No associations were observed for glaucoma, allergic conjunctivitis, pterygium, keratitis, scleritis and episcleritis. After performing weighted median and MR-Egger analysis, consistent results were observed. There was no horizontal pleiotropy in the two-sample MR analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking may increase the risks of cataract, w-AMD, diabetic retinopathy, disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways. And smoking may decrease the risk of myopia.
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