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Abstract #58792 Published in IGR 16-3

Artemin augments survival and axon regeneration in axotomized retinal ganglion cells

Omodaka K; Kurimoto T; Nakamura O; Sato K; Yasuda M; Tanaka Y; Himori N; Yokoyama Y; Nakazawa T
Journal of Neuroscience Research 2014; 92: 1637-1646

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Artemin, a recently discovered member of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, has neurotrophic effects on damaged neurons, including sympathetic neurons, dopamine neurons, and spiral ganglion neurons both in vivo and in vitro. However, its effects on retinal cells and its intracellular signaling remain relatively unexplored. During development, expression of GFRα3, a specific receptor for artemin, is strong in the immature retina and gradually decreases during maturation, suggesting a possible role in the formation of retinal connections. Optic nerve damage in mature rats causes levels of GFRα3 mRNA to increase tenfold in the retina within 3 days. GFRα3 mRNA levels continue to rise within the first week and then decline. Artemin, a specific ligand for GFRα3, has a neuroprotective effect on axotomized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vivo and in vitro via activation of the extracellular signal-related kinase- and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signaling pathways. Artemin also has a substantial effect on axon regeneration in RGCs both in vivo and in vitro, whereas other GDNF family members do not. Therefore, artemin/GFRα3, but not other GDNF family members, may be of value for optic nerve regeneration in mature mammals.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Full article

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Classification:

3.6 Cellular biology (Part of: 3 Laboratory methods)
11.8 Neuroprotection (Part of: 11 Medical treatment)
3.8 Pharmacology (Part of: 3 Laboratory methods)

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