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Abstract #8365 Published in IGR 5-1
Refractive errors, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma in a white population
Wong TY; Klein BEK; Klein R; Knudtson MD; Lee KEOphthalmology 2003; 110: 211-217
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of refractive errors to glaucoma and intraocular pressure (IOP) in a defined white population. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional and follow-up study. PARTICIPANTS: Persons aged 43-86 years living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (n = 4926). METHODS: All participants received a standardized assessment of refraction, IOP, and glaucoma at baseline (1988-1990), with IOP being remeasured five years later (1993-1995). Refraction was defined at baseline as follows: myopia as spherical equivalent of -1.00 diopters (D) or less, emmetropia as -0.75 to +0.75 D, and hyperopia as +1.00 D or more. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relation of baseline refraction to prevalent glaucoma (defined from IOP, optic disc, and visual field criteria) and incident ocular hypertension (defined as IOP more than 21 mmHg at the five-year examination in eyes with IOP of 21 mmHg or less at baseline). RESULTS: A myopic refraction was correlated with increasing IOP at baseline (p < 0.001). After controlling for age and gender, persons with myopia were 60% more likely to have prevalent glaucoma than those with emmetropia (odds ratio (OR), 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1, 2.3). In contrast, controlling for age, gender, and baseline IOP, persons with hyperopia were 40% more likely to have incident ocular hypertension than those who were emmetropic at baseline (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0, 2.0). Myopia was not related to incident ocular hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: In these population-based data, there was a cross-sectional association of myopia with higher IOP and prevalent glaucoma. Similar associations have been found in previous studies. Hyperopia may be associated with five-year risk of ocular hypertension, a finding that needs further investigation.
Dr. T.Y. Wong, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Classification:
1.1 Epidemiology (Part of: 1 General aspects)
8 Refractive errors in relation to glaucoma
